Chapter – 19
Chemical Coordination And Integration
Q2. Which of the following hormones is not secreted by anterior pituitary?
(a) Growth hormone
(b) Follicle stimulating hormone
(c) Oxytocin
(d) Adrenocorticotrophic hormone
Ans:
(c) The pars distalis region of pituitary, commonly called anterior pituitary, produces 6 Growth Hormone (GH), Prolactin (PRL), Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH), Adrenocorticotrophic Hormone (ACTH), Luteinizing Hormone (LH) and Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH). Neurohypophysis (pars nervosa) also known as posterior pituitary, stores and releases two hormones called oxytocin and vasopressin, which are actually synthesised by the hypothalamus and are transported axonally to neurohypophysis.
Q3. Mary is about to face an interview. But during the first five minutes before the interview she experiences sweating, increased rate of heart beat, respiration, etc. Which hormone is responsible for her restlessness?
(a) Estrogen and progesterone
(b) Oxytocin and vasopressin
(c) Adrenaline and noradrenaline
(d) Insulin and glucagon
Ans:(
c) Mary is about to face an interview. But during the first five minutes before the interview she experiences sweating, increased rate of heart beat, respiration, etc. Adrenaline and non-adrenaline hormone are responsible for her restlessness.
Q4. The steroid responsible for balance of water and electrolytes in our body is
(a) Insulin
(b) Melatonin
(c) Testosterone
(d) Aldosterone
Ans:
(d) Vasopressin acts mainly at the kidney and stimulates resorption of water and electrolytes by the distal tubules and thereby reduces loss of water through urine (diuresis). Hence, it is also called as anti-diuretic hormone (ADH).
Q5. Thymosin is responsible for
(a) Raising the blood sugar level
(b) Raising the blood calcium level
(c) Differentiation of Tlyipph ocytes
(d) Decrease in blood RBC
Ans:
(c) Thymosin is responsible for differentiation of T-lymphocytes.
Q6. In the mechanism of action of a protein hormone, one of the second messengers is
(a) Cyclic AMP
(b) Insulin
(c) T3
(d) Gastrin
Ans:
(a) Hormones which interact with membrane-bound receptors normally do not enter the target cell, but generate secondary messengers (e.g., cyclic AMP, cGMP, DAG, IP3, Ca++ etc.) which in turn regulate cellular metabolism.
Q7. Leydig cells produce a group of hormones called
(a) Androgens (
b) Estrogens
(c) Aldosterone
(d) Gonadotropins
Ans:
(a) Leydig cells produce a group of hormones called androgens.
Q8. Corpus luteum secretes a
(a) Prolactin
(b) Progesterone
(c) Aldosterone
(d) Testosterone
Ans:
(b) Corpus luteum secretes progesterone.
Q9. Cortisol is secreted from gland called
(a) Pancreas
(b) Thyroid
(c) Adrenal
(d) Thymus
Ans:
(c) Cortisol is secreted from gland called adrenal.
Q10. A hormone responsible for normal sleep-wake cycle is
(a) Epinephrine
(b) Gastrin
(c) Melatonin
(d) Insulin
Ans:
(c) A hormone responsible for normal sleep-wake cycle is melatonin.
Q11. Hormones are called chemical signals that stimulate specific target tissues. Which is the correct location of these receptors in case of protein hormones?
(a) Extra cellular matrix
(b) Blood
(c) Plasma membrane
(d) Nucleus
Ans:
(c) Protein hormone receptors present on the plasma membrane of the target cells are called membrane-bound receptors.